Machine Drills

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WORKSHOP MACHINERY - MACHINE DRILLS

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There are two types of machine drill, the bench drill and the pillar drill. The bench drill is used for drilling holes through materials including a range of woods, plastics and metals. It is normally bolted to a bench so that it cannot be pushed over and that larger pieces of material can be drilled safely.
The larger version of the machine drill is called the pillar drill. This has a long column which stands on the floor. This can do exactly the same work as the bench drill but because of its larger size it is capable of being used to drill larger pieces of materials and produce larger holes.

DETAILED LABELLED DIAGRAM OF A MACHINE DRILL

SAFETY

1. Always follow the instructions given by your teacher. (only use the machine if you have permission and have been trained to use it).
2. Clamp the work down, do not hold the work in your hand.
3. Use the guard.
4. Wear safety clothing and footwear.
5. Tie back long hair or use a hair net.
6. Only one person at a time, to use the drilling machine.
7. Do not distract the person operating the drill

QUESTIONS

1. Draw a bench drill and label the most important parts.
2. List safety factors regarding the use of the drilling machines.
3. Demonstrate the use of the bench/pillar drill to a group of pupils, emphasising safety.

SETTING THE HEIGHT OF THE TABLE

The height of the table is set by adjusting the table handle (see below). When drilling, the table should be moved quite close the the drill bit, so that the distance from the drill bit to the material is small.

Some machine drills have a rack and pinion system that allows height adjustment. The rack and pinion table adjustment, allows the user to lower or higher the machine table with ease. Simply rotate the handle to move the machine table up or down. Rotating the handle, rotates the worm gear. The worm gear meshes with the pinion gear, which rotates. The pinion gear meshes with the rack, moving the machine table either up or down.
The machine table is then locked in position.

The guard should always be used. This is the first line of defence if the material being drilled breaks or shatters. Wearing goggles is the second line of defence.

HOLDING MATERIAL SAFELY WHEN DRILLING

Material should never be held directly in the hand, when it is being drilled on a drilling machine. A selection of vices are shown below. These are ideal for securing the material.

EXAMPLES OF BITS USED WITH DRILLING MACHINES


Twist Drill	Forstner Bit	Hole Saw
Used for drilling holes. A normal drill set will include sizes from 1mm to 14mm.	Used for larger diameter holes. When using this bit the hole is drilled very slowly so that the bit does not 'jam' in the wood.	For large diameters a 'hole saw' can be used. The advantage of this type of drill bit is that the blade can be changed to give different sizes of diameter.

QUESTIONS

1. Two common types of drilling machine are seen below. Name both types.

2. The main difference between the two machine drills is their overall size. Why is one much smaller than the other? Include a description of the type of work normally carried out on the smaller drill, as part of your answer.







3. List four safety rules governing the use of drilling machines.













4. Three types of drill bit are seen below. Name each ‘bit’ and write a general description of the type of drilling each is capable of producing, when used in conjunction with a drilling machine.

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	TYPICAL USE:







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	TYPICAL USE:









	5. The machine drill shown opposite is being used in a very dangerous manner. Identify and describe all the dangers.















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