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| WHAT IS A STANDARD COMPONENT? | |
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A standard component is usually an individual part (called a ‘component’),
manufactured in thousands or millions, to the same specification (such as
size, weight, material etc...). A good example is a steel bolt. Bolts are
available in a vast range of standard sizes. However, each size will be
manufactured to an internationally accepted standard. For example, a M20 bolt. A typical steel M20 bolt is a specific length, diameter, quality of steel, pitch of thread etc... To ensure that each bolt is the same, a small number, are selected from a batch and checked for quality and tolerance, before being sold to customers. Each sample bolt must fall within certain tolerances before being passed. |
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| EXAMPLE TOLERANCE CHECK ON A M20 BOLT | |
| The digital vernier caliper is a very accurate measuring device. It is being used to check that the steel bolt falls within 81mm and 80mm in length . If it is outside these measurements (tolerance) it will be rejected. | |
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| If the measurement falls between -0.5mm less than 80.50mm or +0.5mm above 80.50mm, then the bolt is within tolerance and will not be rejected. Any measurement outside this range and the bolt is rejected. | |
| EXAMPLE TOLERANCE CHECK ON A STANDARD RESISTOR | |
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Resistors are manufactured in their millions each week, to strict
standards. It is impossible to check each one individually. Consequently,
the quality of a small number is checked, for every batch produced. The diagram opposite shows a tolerance check on a resistor. A multimeter is used to check that the resistance of the resistor falls within a lower and upper resistance level. This simple check will usually identify faulty batches of standard resistors. Simple checks should ensure that all the resistors have been manufactured to the same standard. Consequently, manufacturers of electrical products such as TVs, should be confident that they are buying a quality standard component, even if it is only a resistor. It could take only one faulty or substandard component to prevent a product such as a TV from working properly. |
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